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A One-Name Study for the BARNUM/BARNHAM Surname

Notes for Juana LUJÃ¡N

Juana LujÃ¡n (ONMF: 187) has been identified as the progenitor of the GÃ³mez family of 18th century New Mexico. She is known to have had three children: Francisco GÃ³mez del Castillo, Juan GÃ³mez del Castillo and Luisa GÃ³mez del Castillo. To date, there has not been any clear evidence presented to tell us how her children came by the surname of GÃ³mez del Castillo. Fray AngÃ©lico ChÃ¡vez suggests that Juana LujÃ¡n had her three children at Guadalupe del Paso by a GÃ³mez Robledo man. Evidence from two important census records of 1693 and 1697 shows that Juana LujÃ¡n came to northern New Mexico with her parents before any of her children were born. Additional evidence confirms that she was a long-time resident of the Pojuaque area from as early as 1703. In addition, there is information on a young woman named Juana LujÃ¡n, a resident of Santa Fe around 1701-02 who had an illegitimate son born about that time. This Juana LujÃ¡n was identified as a daughter of MatÃas LujÃ¡n and Francisca Salazar, who left Santa Fe to settle in the Santa Cruz area. Could this be the same Juana LujÃ¡n who was the mother of the three GÃ³mez del Castillo children? A comparison of the available information on these women offers some intriguing insights into this possibility.

Juana LujÃ¡n, daughter of MatÃas LujÃ¡n (native of La CaÃ±ada) and Francisca Romero, was enumerated in her parents household in the 1693 census of residents of El Paso willing to return to Santa Fe with Governor Vargas. In this census, Juana's age was given as age eight, indicating she was born circa 1684-85 (RCR: 60). Her parents were residents of Santa Fe in 1694 and 1696 (NMR: 1924, DM 1694, January 26, no. 17, Santa Fe; NMR: 1580, DM 1696, Feb. 8, no. 4, Santa Fe). Her mother, Francisca Romero, was listed as a resident of Santa Cruz in the 1706 census of that jurisdiction.

Juana LujÃ¡n, daughter of MatÃas LujÃ¡n and Francisca de Salazar (natives of New Mexico), filed suit against Buenaventura de Esquibel when he sought to marry another woman. Esquibel had impregnated Juana and she had given birth to a son who was born circa 1701 in Santa Fe (NMR: 488f: DM 1702, April 15, no. 5, Santa Fe). He had promised to marry her and then was forced to do otherwise through the intervention of his brother, Antonio de Esquibel, and Governor don Pedro RodrÃguez Cubero. In the DM for this case, Juana LujÃ¡n gave her age as 16 in 1702, indicating she was born circa 1685-86. Juana was awarded 200 pesos (the equivalent of approximately $6,000).

MatÃas LujÃ¡n and Francisca Romero, parents of Juana LujÃ¡n, were in the area of San Ildefonso by 1701 when they were padrinos for an Indian child baptized at San Ildefonso on 18 December 1701, and for another Indian child baptized 2 February 1704 at San Ildefonso. In addition, Francisca Romero was also a madrina for another Indian child baptized at San Ildefonso on 10 Jaunuary 1703, and for an orphan girl baptized 25 March 1703, San Ildefonso. Juana LujÃ¡n was in the San Ildefonso area as early as 6 October 1703 when she was a madrina with Baltazar de Matha for an Indian girl. She was also a madrina for two other Indian children baptized at San Ildefonso on 5 December 1703 and 11 May 1704. Among the marriage records of San Ildefonso Mission are the following records: Juana LujÃ¡n and Gabriel Cabrera were padrinos for BartolomÃ© Lobato and Juana Carillo who were married at San Ildefonso on 21 August 1714; she and JosÃ© Trujillo, el mozo, were padrinos for GerÃ³nimo de Ortega and Sebastiana de JesÃºs who were married at San Ildefonso on 9 July 1715. This Juana LujÃ¡n is known to have purchased land near San Ildefonso Pueblo in 1714, and was later married to Francisco MartÃn (ONMF: 187).

JuanaLujÃ¡n, daughter of MatÃas LujÃ¡n and Francisca de Salazar, worked as a cook at the Santa Fe Presidio. In 1702, she declared that her parents were residents of Santa Cruz. She was a first cousin of Salvador OlguÃn, Felipa Manzanares,and SimÃ³n MartÃn. (NMR: 488f, DM 1702, April 15, no. 5, Santa Fe). By all appearances, Salvador OlguÃn was the same person of this name who was a son of Juan LÃ³pez OlguÃn and Ana MarÃa LujÃ¡n (ONMF: 244-45). Juan LÃ³pez OlguÃn and Ana MarÃa LujÃ¡n were married in El Paso del Norte on 30 May 1682 (NMR: 1379, DM 1682, May30, no. 8). Juan LÃ³pez OlguÃn was a son of Captain Salvador OlguÃn and Magdalena Fresqui. Ana MarÃa LujÃ¡n was a daughter of Juan Luis LujÃ¡n and Isabel LÃ³pez del Castillo. This information indicates that Juana LujÃ¡n's father, MatÃas LujÃ¡n was also a son of Juan Luis LujÃ¡n and Isabel del Castillo.

Felipa Manzanares was very likely the person identified as Felipa Sandoval who was a daughter of Antonia de Sandoval y Manzanares (RCR: 60). Antonia Sandoval, mestiza, age 50 (b. ca. 1652) and single, testified in the caseof Juana LujÃ¡n against Buenaventura de Esquibel. Antonia declared she was related to Juana LujÃ¡n, but did not know exactly how they were related.

At this time, the parents of SimÃ³n MartÃn have not been positively identified.

Also, testifying on the behalf of Juana LujÃ¡n was Ana LujÃ¡n, mestiza, age 45 (b. ca. 1657) and a widow, who declared she was a first cousin of Juana LujÃ¡n. By all apperances, this Ana LujÃ¡n is the same person of this name who was listed as the widow with her son Luis DurÃ¡n in the 1697 cattle distribution census (BB: Book 2, 1143).

Were both Juana LujÃ¡ns contemporaries, or were they one and the same individual? Could the wife of MatÃas LujÃ¡n have had a Romero father and a Salazar mother, or vice versa? If so, this could account for the use of two different surnames: Francisca Romero and Francisca de Salazar. To complicate matters, ChÃ¡vez indicates there was another man named MatÃas LujÃ¡n who was also a resident of the Santa Cruz area in the early 1700s and was married to Catalina Varela (ONMF: 213) However, this couple does not appear in the 1706 census of Santa Cruz.
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If these two Juana LujÃ¡ns were one and the same, could she have used the money from her suit against Buenaventura de Esquibel to establish herself in the San Ildefonso area? If they were the same women, we would have an explanation for the 'del Castillo' part of the GÃ³mez surname coming from the paternal grandmother, Isabel LÃ³pez del Castillo, but still no clear explanation has been uncovered for the 'GÃ³mez' part of the name.

Researcher: JosÃ© Antonio Esquibel. Sources: AASF Roll28, San Ildefonso Church, Baptismal Records (1703-1728) and Marriage Records (1700-1726); Fray AngÃ©lico ChÃ¡ves, "New Mexico Roots, Ltd." (NMR): 488-90 (DM 1702, April 15, no.5, Santa Fe); NMR: 1379, DM 1682, May 30, no. 8; NMR: 1924, DM 1694, January 26, no 17, Santa Fe; NMR: 1580, DM 1696, Feb. 8, no. 4, Santa Fe; John L. Kessell, Rick Hendricks, Meredith D. Dogde, eds., To the Royal Crown Restored, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, 1995: 60; John L. Kessell, Rick Hendricks, Meredith D. Dogde, eds., Blood on the Boulders, University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, 1998: Book 2, 1143; Donald S. Dreeson, transcriber, "Parish Census of Santa Cruz de los EspaÃ±oles", New Mexico Genealogist, Vol. 28, No. 1, March 1989: 22.

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